Enough of submarines - today 25th August:

1609
Galileo Galilei demonstrated his first telescope.

1900
Writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, playing for MCC in his first-class match, bowled out W G Grace who was batting for London County.

1919
The world's first scheduled air flights began, between London and Paris.

1944
Paris liberated from Nazi occupation.

2008
Team GB's Olympians flew home from Beijing with 19 golds and their best medal haul for 100 years.

2012
Neil Armstrong, the first man on the Moon, died aged 82.