There's a bit of a clue in the name.
USB= Universal Serial Bus. The serial bus of a computer. As you have found, CD players tend not to have USB. Primarily that's because they don't have any computing power or operating system.
If you want to play a CD into a USB only DAC you need a computer of some sort,running playback software plus a USB DVD drive (20ish).
"The hi-fi fraternity is bizarre, full of dangerous amateurs" Tim de Paravicini Audio Magazine 1995
"Objective measurements in audio are primary, but they are useless unless they have been subjectively validated as predictors of musical accuracy Edgar Villchur Stereophile 2005
" What we cannot measure, we do not know" Lord Rayleigh