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View Full Version : Ho Hum - a lifetime of misery



Oldpinkman
28-06-2013, 08:52
Yet again I am plagued by hum issues. My life in Hifi has been plagued by hum. I should be a leading world authority, but it always gets me again. It is now solved to an acceptable level, but I feel a reference manual is needed. I understand the theory (idea) of earth loops. I am still owed a proper explanation, with a schematic and current values for the hum I first fixed in this system by Owen. But I need to leave him in peace a bit, so anybody clever here want to comment on hum? (How to eliminate it, how to identify its cause by testing, how to explain it with values)

The hum is on the AV input to the PIP only. Its the AV hook-up, not the input. CD player and record player are silent. I failed to notice it before, because it is quite low level and was masked by the internal hum in the 405, which is why the 405 is in the hospital atm. It is a signal hum (audible in the speakers, and increases with amplifier gain). All equipment is earthed via its mains lead to a common point on the ring main. Lifting earths has no effect. The hum is from the AV amp even with all its inputs and other connections removed. I have a box which puts a 100hm resistor across the earth connection (adds 100 ohm in series to the screen) on the AV signal leads. It makes no difference whether it is used or not. It is worse (but not as dramatically as it was a few months ago before round 1 of earthing) when any dimmer switch is used in the house. But, with or without dimmer switches it is quite low level. We had been living with it until breakfast today.

To shorten the story, I have an earth lead from AV amp to power amp, and from power amp to preamp. The preamp connection had come loose. But even with no preamp to power amp earth - no hum on phono or cd. The arcam P10 has no chassis earth terminal I can find, and tiny screws for securing the case which I can't get a wire to stay under. It had a damaged front cover, so I shoved the wires in the front chassis. Realising this was a bit of a bodge, even for me, I found a self-tapper today and screwed it into the chassis. So I joined the AV earth to the preamp earth by twisting them together. Bugger me - no hum (very low level hum, inaudible at the gain setting I currently have for the pip when using the AV system, but still faintly audible if I crank up the gain to full). So break the loop by earthing AV to Preamp - and earth power amp via the mains connections only. How does that work? Worse - honest - would I lie to you guys? - as I move the twisted earth wires close to the screw on the power amp to earth both devices to that - the hum audibly increases! If I connect the preamp/av wire to the power amp I add hum (not much, but its there) but I don't even have to make a physical connection - just get the wire close, for that hum to start. (Breakfast was ready, so I didn't fiddle about with which bits of what my body might have been touching, but I was basically wearing trousers and kneeling on carpet)

Hum is now at such a low level, and it is only the AV set up, not my music system, I can control it by dropping the gain setting on the pip while reconfiguring the 5.1 so the signal level is high at the input to the pip.

Any thoughts. The AV to pip connection is via about 5m in total of signal cable (joined in the middle by rca to rca connectors), and runs very close to mains cables (domestic compromises). Am I at the limits (given the hum is now VERY low - inaudible at the settings I use) - am I at the limits of what I can expect from unshielded signal cables? What is the solution if I want perfection, and don't want to change the equipment to used balanced connectors? Run the cables up an earthed central heating pipe?

It frustrated the hell out of me, so I needed to rant. Any thoughts welcomed.:(

Kember
28-06-2013, 09:22
Richard,

It must be really frustrating. I feel for you.

Just a thought - have you tried putting shorting or non-shorting caps on any unused RCA sockets? I think Cardas and Russ Andrews do them. I bought a handful on a whim for a couple of quid off eBay - Russ Andrews IIRC - and they improved the noise on my Arcam AVR quite a bit.

Best

p

walpurgis
28-06-2013, 09:47
have you tried putting shorting or non-shorting caps on any unused RCA sockets?

Make your own. Cheap phono plugs with a shorting wire soldered across the pos & neg.

Oldpinkman
28-06-2013, 10:10
Thanks. Did you mean on the preamp or the AV amp for the shorting caps? The AV amp has about 500 of them (for the millionth time - stop exaggerating). The Dear old Pip uses Din connectors and only has 3 all used. And the AV amp has hdmi, usb, ....

Kember
28-06-2013, 10:18
Thanks. Did you mean on the preamp or the AV amp for the shorting caps? The AV amp has about 500 of them (for the millionth time - stop exaggerating). The Dear old Pip uses Din connectors and only has 3 all used. And the AV amp has hdmi, usb, ....

Richard

I mean any unused RCAs, anywhere! I don't think the others are so problematic.

Geoff's suggestion might offer value for money rather than troubling Cardas or Mr Andrews, nice people though they are!

Best

P

Firebottle
28-06-2013, 12:53
Am I at the limits (given the hum is now VERY low - inaudible at the settings I use) - am I at the limits of what I can expect from unshielded signal cables?

My guess is yes, particularly as you say they run close to mains cables.

:cool:Alan

Reffc
28-06-2013, 13:10
If you don't run shielded cables, that'd be the best place to start. It may not just be an earth differential between a chassis earth and a signal earth somewhere in the system, it could also be due to picking up EMI through unshielded cables. Check power sources close to the AV unit and also the interconnects used between AV and pre/power amp. They should all be shielded.

Oldpinkman
28-06-2013, 14:55
If you don't run shielded cables, that'd be the best place to start. It may not just be an earth differential between a chassis earth and a signal earth somewhere in the system, it could also be due to picking up EMI through unshielded cables. Check power sources close to the AV unit and also the interconnects used between AV and pre/power amp. They should all be shielded.

I think that is likely to be the answer Paul. Having just had someone interested in our house, the move to France looks a stage closer, so this is hopefully a short term scenario (short term as in up to 2 years) and the hum is now inaudible (I know its there, because I can hear it when I increase the gain WAY above normal listening levels, but its silent at normal levels), and its only for Sky HD and a few bluerays. I might try running the cables up an earthed copper tube just to see. It just bugs me because it feels like hum picks on me personally sometimes. I just want to plug in and listen - not fanny about with earth loops which is what I seem to end up doing.

It has caused me to reflect that I preferred my 405-2 with hum, considerably, to the Arcam without hum...

Reffc
28-06-2013, 15:08
I think that is likely to be the answer Paul. Having just had someone interested in our house, the move to France looks a stage closer, so this is hopefully a short term scenario (short term as in up to 2 years) and the hum is now inaudible (I know its there, because I can hear it when I increase the gain WAY above normal listening levels, but its silent at normal levels), and its only for Sky HD and a few bluerays. I might try running the cables up an earthed copper tube just to see. It just bugs me because it feels like hum picks on me personally sometimes. I just want to plug in and listen - not fanny about with earth loops which is what I seem to end up doing.

It has caused me to reflect that I preferred my 405-2 with hum, considerably, to the Arcam without hum...

...just so happens I might know of a tasty 405/2 knocking around the place somewhere :whistle:

Oldpinkman
28-06-2013, 15:13
...just so happens I might know of a tasty 405/2 knocking around the place somewhere :whistle:

I know you do Paul - don't rub it in. I have a very special one which will make it back from the doctors one day, and much as I admire the amp I don't need to start a collection of them. I'm almost tempted to pick up a standard one - which would be easier to "rent" on ebay - cos I could sell it for nearly what I paid for it. But I think the boy Jones plans to let me have one of his on loan if he can't fix mine quickly (he has a lot on). But I've been sore tempted every time you bump the bloody thing :(

Oldpinkman
03-07-2013, 11:21
As so often I end up feeling like a small and stupid child after talking to Owen. We discussed at length the problem, although he had identified the cause in the first 20 seconds - the remainder of the discussion was just me refusing to try it. (To his great credit, he patiently considered my other, wrong, alternatives)

Domestic considerations meant the mains supply to the AV set up ran in left to right with the signal cable going out to the preamp along the same route. (ie the signal cable lay along the mains cable for about 1.5m). To some domestic disapproval, the mains cable now runs out from the right of the AV block to another plug - away from the signal cables and 2 channel setup.

Its not like the signal cables don't go anywhere near a mains cable anymore - they just don't rest against one for 1.5m

Hum is down more than ten-fold to the point where it is barely audible with my ear to the speaker at maximum gain (which would explode the living room windows if I played music at that level)

:doh: