Well EQ is a type of distortion. The difference is that it is added deliberately and in a controlled manner, to essentially become part of the signal itself (for example the master)
In direct contrast to let's say harmonic distortion which cannot be controlled outside the design or build process (usually), and is unwanted (usually)
Now on your question about turntables and their character... This is a topic that probably has started many threads and many flames.
My opinion is that saying that turntables have a character because they add distortion is an oversimplification, an unjust generalization and a bit silly because it suggests that other devices do not add distortion.
All devices add some kind of distortion. How much and of what type depends on the design, the implementation and actually can even differentiate between two samples of the same model if the manufacturing process does not strictly select and match parts to very low tollerances.
Last edited by dimkasta; 11-03-2017 at 20:33.
Sources: Modified SL1200 MK2, Salas folded RIAA, Phonoclone, VSPS, Shelter 501 MK2, Modified Pioneer P6D6 as transport, Shigaclone transport, Peter Daniel NOS DAC.
Amplification: Custom 211 Monoblocks, Electrocompaniet AW120, Audio Research VS110, Gainclone
Loudspeakers: Tannoy Turnberry, PBN Montana EP Signature
Cables/stands: Tempflex ribbon and Twinax cables
Other: Promitheus Signature Passive Attenuator, Custom JFET - transformer preamp.